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Determining the apparent density of ceramic pieces is one of the important laboratory processes for an impeccable final product. Learn more about the importance and methods of measuring bulk density.
Control over parameters that directly affect product quality has been increasingly sought after and intensified. To meet the expectations of an increasingly rigorous market, companies are seeking to develop their products and manufacturing processes in order to seek excellence. Determining the apparent density of ceramic pieces is one of the important processes, as it is one of the properties that affect the behavior in different ceramic processing. The apparent density of ceramic pieces is one of the quality processes that make the final product achieve its best characteristics.
When a ceramic piece is pressed, the pressure or force with which the material is compressed defines its compaction. The behavior of any ceramic in all its processes directly depends on its compaction by pressing. Degassing, porosity and shrinkage directly depend on it.
When the parameters and criteria for firing a ceramic product are established, a certain compaction value (or density) is also defined so that the product finally has the desired characteristics (water absorption, mechanical resistance, etc.). If every pressed ceramic body always had the same compaction (density) in all areas of its surface and if this same density was always kept constant, all problems and defects would disappear in production.
This ideal, of keeping the density always the same, is not achievable, since several factors that affect density cannot be kept constant. But if you work without knowing the pressing density, you proceed blindly and only at the end of the process, when the finished product comes out of the oven, do you know the production defects.
Given these points of view, new methods have been sought that allow the determination of the apparent density of ceramic specimens. without the need to use mercury, but with similar precision, process security and speed.
MERCURY
The best-known method for this determination is by buoyancy using mercury. Mercury is a heavy toxic metal and is considered one of the most dangerous substances for health and the environment. Recognizing the risks of using mercury, it became necessary to eliminate the use of the substance and new methods were developed to determine the apparent density of ceramic pieces.
SERVITECH DENSITY METERS
The need to eliminate mercury from the quality process in ceramics was a starting point for new measurement methods. We have models that will meet your needs following regulations.
WATER APPARENT DENSITY METER CT-12444
As the porosity of raw pressed parts depends on the chemical and physical characteristics of the granulate, its distribution and humidity, as well as the applied pressing power, it is extremely important to know this parameter to determine the other variables that contribute to the formation of the finished product (mechanical resistance, shrinkage, etc.).
Based on this, Servitech developed, with national technology, a method for measuring the apparent density of ceramic pieces using water, not requiring the use of mercury, making the determination economical and ecologically correct.
The CT-12444 WATER APPARENT DENSITY METER is easy to operate, maintain and clean.
AUTOMATED DENSIMETER 3-20
The 3-20 DENSIMETER was designed primarily for the laboratory, but can also be used in production lines to directly control the compaction of the ceramic product at the exit of the press.
With a measuring chamber, the sample volume is determined by compressed air. The machine has a meter whose exact volume is known and when the machine performs a calibration (automatically or manually), measurement errors are corrected due to temperature changes or other factors.
The accuracy of density measurement is guaranteed by sophisticated thermal compensation. When the ambient temperature – to which the machine is exposed – changes by half a degree, a calibration is automatically performed to adjust certain parameters that are used to calculate the sample volume.
To learn more about determining the bulk density of ceramic samples and our products, contact us!